Documentation without Frustration
or how to get a software developer to write documentation
Written for software developers, software team leads and everybody who hates writing docs.
Press S to open speaker notes view or ESC for slides overview.
Presentation can be freely used, forked and changed for meetups and co.
TOC
What belongs to “Documentation”
Why writing documentation frustrates us
What is needed to keep motivation high enough
How Sphinx and PlantUML supports developers
Sphinx-Needs benefits and features
Professional Services for companies
Which Cloud Services save a lot of time
What belongs to documentation?
Nearly anything you can imagine
… and much more.
Which tools can to be used for docs?
Nearly anything you can imagine:
… and much more.
Your turn!
How many tools do you weekly need to fulfill your work?
Potential of Frustration
Team Setup Example
Frontend - Backend - Infrastructure
Each developer is responsible for the complete documentation of his/her domain.
Potential of Frustration 1/2
For each document type you may need a different tool
Frustration: Tool-KnowHow needed
Frustration: Context/tool switches during development
Most tools forces you to somehow “style” your information
Frustration: Spend time for not functional nor informative work
Potential of Frustration 2/2
No synchronisation with existing code
Frustration: Maintain same code / information at different locations
No common storage, versioning or release for documentations and code
Frustration: Nothing is in sync
Your turn!
Tell your own story of why you avoid certain tools?
Motivation Boosters
Who needs to be motivated?
The content authors!
KISS
IDEs integrate different kinds of inputs to create multiple outputs
KISS = Keep It Short and Simple
Documentation = Code
Same requirements for code and documentation
Editable inside IDE (text, images, diagrams, everything!)
Text based files
Stored and version-controlled beside the code
Deeply linked with code (e.g. reuse of docstrings)
Focused on information and not on layout or design
Supports continuous integration / deployment
Example
My code document
================
This little piece of text describes the function
:ref:`my_package.my_module.my_class.my_func`.
Docstring
---------
.. autofunction:: my_package.my_module.my_class.my_func
Inheritance diagram
-------------------
.. inheritance-diagram:: my_package.my_module.my_class
Code example
------------
You can use the function like this::
test_class = MyClass()
return_value = test_class.my_func(some_data)
Sphinx
Documentation generator
Takes text and code files, generates …
Sphinx, based on docutils and restructuredText
Projects using Sphinx
readthedocs.io : ~240k projects and ~430k users
pypi.org : ~515 extensions & themes for Sphinx
Sphinx Basics
Text 1/4
Sphinx Basics
=============
Text styles
------------
**bold text** *italic text* ``code sample``
Links
-----
http://dwf.rtfd.io
`Documentation without frustration <http://dwf.rtfd.io>`_
Sphinx documentation: reStructuredText Primer
Lists 2/4
Unsorted list
=============
* Item 1
* Item 2
* Item 2.1
* Item 2
Sorted list
===========
#. Item 1
#. Item 2
Sphinx documentation: reStructuredText Primer
Images & Tables 3/4
Images
======
.. image:: my_image.png
:scale: 50%
Tables
======
===== ===== =======
A B A and B
===== ===== =======
False False False
True False False
False True False
True True True
===== ===== =======
Sphinx documentation: reStructuredText Primer
Code 4/4
Source Code
===========
Just use two of it::
def func(me):
return me
Or for more details:
.. code-block:: python
:linenos:
:emphasize-lines: 1,3
def func(a, b):
c = a + b
return c
Sphinx documentation: Showing code examples
Working with existing code
Reuse existing code 1/5
.. literalinclude:: /slides/sphinx_code.rst
:language: rst
:lines: 3-10
:linenos:
Result:
Reuse existing code 1/5
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
.. code-block::
.. literalinclude:: /slides/sphinx_code.rst
:language: rst
Sphinx documentation: Showing code examples
Automated code documentation 2/5
.. autofunction:: os.path.join
Result:
- os.path.join(a, *p)
Join two or more pathname components, inserting ‘/’ as needed. If any component is an absolute path, all previous path components will be discarded. An empty last part will result in a path that ends with a separator.
Sphinx documentation: Include documentation from docstrings
Inheritance diagrams 3/5
.. inheritance-diagram:: dwf.Dwf
Used code (examples/dwf/dwf.py):
class Tool: pass
class Documentation(Tool): pass
class Frustration(Tool): pass
class Dwf(Documentation, Frustration, Tool): pass
Sphinx documentation: Include inheritance diagrams
Documenting program output 4/5
.. command-output:: python -V
Result:
$ python -V
Python 3.8.12
Sphinx documentation: sphinxcontrib.programoutput
Documenting database models 5/5
.. sadisplay::
:module: dwf_db
Sphinx documentation: sphinxcontrib-sadisplay
Standalone tool: sadisplay
PlantUML
Tool: PlantUML
Sphinx documentation: sphinx-plantuml
Class diagrams - Result
Class diagrams - Code
@startuml
class user {
name
age
email
check_password()
send_email(message)
}
class domain
class group
class api_key
class permission
user --> domain
user --> group
user --> api_key
user --> permission: 1:n
group --> permission: 1:n
@enduml
PlantUML documentation: Class diagram
Sequence diagrams - Result
Sequence diagrams - Code
@startuml
user --> server : send request
server --> server: check request
server --> database: ask for data
database --> server: provide data
server --> server: render data
server --> user: send rendered data
@enduml
PlantUML documentation: Sequence diagram
PyCharm Integration
Plugin: IntelliJ PlantUML Integration
Sphinx-Needs
Extension to manage requirements, specifications or test cases
Can be configured to support other types. Like user stories, bugs, servers, …
Developed to support ISO 26262 inside Sphinx
Sphinx Documentation: Sphinx-needs
Need-Objects
We need to use the unique email address for user login and verification |
Need-Objects Code
.. story:: As user I want to be able to use my email address for login
:id: US_001
:tags: user; login; email, security
We need to use the unique email address for user login and verification
.. uml::
object Alice
object Bob
Alice --> Bob
.. spec:: Use flask-login for secure user verification and authorisation
:tags: user, security
:id: SP_001
:link: US_001
Sphinx-Needs documentation: need/ req (or any other defined need type)
Need-Objects Filtering
As list
.. needlist::
:tags: security
Sphinx-Needs documentation: needfilter
Need-Objects Filtering with complex filter
As table
.. needtable::
:filter: id == "US_001" or "security" in tags
:columns: id, title, outgoing
:layout: table
Need-Objects Filtering with regex
As diagram
.. needflow::
:filter: search("\w{5,}", title) and "security" in tags # word with at least 5 chars inside title
Other filter result types
This presentation has 3 open needs.
This presentation has :need_count:`status == "open"` open needs.
Docs: | need_count | needsequence | needgantt | needbar
Sphinx-Needs Structure
Embedded needs 1/2
.. story:: My parent story
:id: ST_PAR_001
This parent need contains the following need:
.. story:: My child story
:id: ST_CHIlD_001
:style: red_border
This is the child need.
Embedded needs 2/2
This parent need contains the following need:
|
Need parts 1/2
.. story:: A Story with parts
:id: ST_PARTS_001
:links: ST_PARTS_001.1, ST_PARTS_001.nothing
As awesome user I want to:
* :need_part:`(1)Get everything`
* :np:`(nothing)Be responsible for nothing`
Need parts 2/2
As awesome user I want to: |
Sphinx-Needs Customization
Types
needs_types = [
dict(
directive="req",
title="Requirement",
prefix="R_",
color="#BFD8D2",
style="node"
),
dict(directive="spec", title="Specification", prefix="S_", color="#FEDCD2", style="node"),
]
Links
needs_extra_links = [
{
"option": "triggers",
"incoming": "is triggered by",
"outgoing": "triggers",
"copy": False,
"allow_dead_links": True,
"style": "#00AA00"
"style_part": "#00AA00"
"style_start": "-",
"style_end": "--o",
}
]
Layout
.. story:: Layout example
:layout: complete
.. story:: Layout example
:layout: focus
Layout example
|
User Story
|
||||
Some content |
|||||
Some content |
Styles
|
|
|
|
Sphinx-Needs Automation
Dynamic Functions
.. story:: Dynamic Functions
:id: US_DF
:status: open
:linked_status: [[copy("status", 'US_002')]]
This need has the id **[[copy("id")]]** and status **[[copy("status")]]**.
This need has the id US_DF and status open. |
Global Options
needs_global_options = {
'global_option': 'Fix value',
'author': ('Marco', '"security" in tags', 'Daniel)
'status':[
('closed', 'status.lower() in ["done", "resolved", "closed"]'),
('open', 'status.lower() in ["open", "new"]')
]
}
Warnings
def my_custom_warning_check(need, log):
if need["status"] == "open":
log.info(f"{need['id']} status must not be 'open'.")
return True
return False
needs_warnings = {
'invalid_status' : "status not in ['open', 'closed']",
'type_match': my_custom_warning_check,
}
Build log:
Checking sphinx-needs warnings
type_match: passed
invalid_status: failed
failed needs: 2 (US_001, US_002)
used filter: status not in ['open', 'closed']
Template 1/2
/my_file.rst
.. spec:: My specification
:id: TEMPL_POST_SPEC
:links: US_003, US_004
:post_template: post_template
This is my **specification** content.
/needs_templates/post_template.need
**Analytics for above need:** {{title}}
.. needflow::
:filter: id == '{{id}}' or '{{id}}' in links_back
Template 2/2
This is my specification content. |
Analytics for above need: My specification
Debug Layout 1/2
.. story:: Debug
:id: US_DEBUG
:status: open
:layout: debug
US_DEBUG Debug
Debug view onDebug view off
|
Debug Layout 2/2
.. needflow::
:filter: id == 'TEMPL_POST_SPEC' or 'TEMPL_POST_SPEC' in links_back
:debug:
@startuml ' Nodes definition node "<size:12>User Story</size>\n**Layout example**\n<size:10>US_003</size>" as US_003 [[../index.html#US_003]] #BFD8D2 node "<size:12>User Story</size>\n**Style example**\n<size:10>US_004</size>" as US_004 [[../index.html#US_004]] #BFD8D2 node "<size:12>Specification</size>\n**My**\n**specification**\n<size:10>TEMPL_POST_SPEC</size>" as TEMPL_POST_SPEC [[../index.html#TEMPL_POST_SPEC]] #FEDCD2 ' Connection definition TEMPL_POST_SPEC --> US_003 TEMPL_POST_SPEC --> US_004 @enduml
Sphinx-Needs Data Exchange
Export
make needs
# File: _build/needs/needs.json
{
"created": "2017-09-21T20:40:49.090464",
"current_version": "1.0",
"project": "Documentation without Frustration",
"versions": {
"1.0": {
"created": "2017-09-21T20:40:49.090443",
"needs": {
"SP_002": {
"description": "",
"id": "SP_001",
"links": [
"US_002"
],
"status": null,
"tags": [
"user"
],
"title": "Use flask-login for secure user verification and authorisation",
"type": "spec",
"type_name": "Specification"
},
"US_002": {
"description": "We need to use the unique email address for user login and verification\n\n.. uml::\n\n @startuml\n rectangle Alice\n rectangle Bob\n Alice -right-> Bob\n @enduml",
"id": "US_002",
"links": [],
"status": null,
"tags": [
"user",
"login",
"email"
],
"title": "As user I want to be able to use my email address for login",
"type": "story",
"type_name": "User Story"
}
},
"needs_amount": 2
}
}
}
Sphinx-Needs documentation: Builders
Import
.. needimport:: /needs.json
:id_prefix: IMP_
:version: 1.0
:tags: imported
:filter: "SP" in id
Sphinx-Needs documentation: needimport
External Needs
needs_external_needs = [
{
'base_url': 'http://mydocs/my_project',
'json_url': 'http://mydocs/my_project/needs.json',
'version': '1.0',
'id_prefix': 'ext_',
'css_class': 'external_link',
}
]
Sphinx-Needs documentation: needs_external_needs
Services
.. needservice:: github-issues
:query: repo:useblocks/sphinxcontrib-needs state:closed needtable viewports
:max_amount: 1
needtable is invisible on wide viewports when using 'read the docs' theme (url)
|
|||||
|
|||||
Sphinx-Needs documentation: GitHub service
Sphinx-Needs-Enterprise
Ready to use Ex- and Importers:
Azure DevOps, codebeamer, Jira, Elasticsearch
Supported targets:
Documentation build, needs.json
file
Sphinx-Needs API
Open API, which can be accessed during build to:
Configure own types and options
Add needs (internal and external)
Add own warnings
for element in my_data:
section += add_need(
self.env.app, self.state, docname, self.lineno,
need_type="req", title=element["title"],
id=element["key"], content=element["description"])
Sphinx Performance
Executed measurements
Sphinx-Performance
Sphinx-Needs Profiling
Sphinx Universe
Solutions for engineering related companies.
Project team size: > 100
Document test results inside Sphinx.
Automatically connect results with test cases.
Based on Sphinx-Needs and junit.xml
Collects source files from different sources:
Git repositories
Local folders
Jinja templates
Functions
Im- and Exporter to different systems:
Azure DevOps
Codebeamer
Jira
ElasticSearch
more on request
Further extensions
Sphinx-Bazel (deprecated)
Support & Services
Open-Source Support
✅ |
No costs |
✅ / ⛔ / ⛔ |
Issues / E-Mails / Calls |
✅ / ⛔ |
Public / Private discussion |
🯄 |
Answers in time |
⛔ |
Prioritization |
⛔ |
Implementation guarantee |
🯄 |
Process / Domain knowledge |
Professional Support
⛔ |
No costs |
✅ / ✅ / ✅ |
Issues / E-Mails / Calls |
✅ / ✅ |
Public / Private discussion |
✅ |
Answers in time |
✅ |
Prioritization |
🯄 |
Implementation guarantee
(as fork ✅)
|
✅ |
Process / Domain knowledge |
Professional Services
Tool Development
Tool rollout (CI / CD)
Process Consulting
Process & Tools Trainings
Open-Source Transformation of in-house solutions
Open-Source Project gardening
Professional Trainings
Docs-as-Code
Sphinx
Sphinx-Needs
Features
Development / API
Processes (company specific)
(Cloud) Services
GitHub
Store code and files with git
Get issue tracker, wiki, website and more
Automatically interacts with hundreds of other web services
Free for open-source projects
Link: github.com
Read the docs
Builds, deploys and hosts sphinx documentations
Gets triggered by changes on github
Free for open-source projects
Link: readthedocs.org
Artifactory
Archiving releases, binaries and co.
Multiple Archive types: PyPi, NPM, Generic
Link: Artifactory
Thanks for your attention …
… and see you on DWF’s issue tracker :)
github |
|
This presentation |
Maintainer
Daniel Woste
LICENSE
Presentation and Documentation
==============================
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Copyright (c) 2016-2017 useblocks GmbH
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Software
========
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2016-2017 useblocks GmbH
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.